Heaviest load from airless blasting due to higher cleaning speed. Abrasive shattering greater with sand than with grit or shot. Amounts removed are greater with sand casting; less with removal of forging scale or welding scale.

High temperature, moisture, and unburned hydrocarbons can be involved.

Steam with bentonite, seacoal, and hydrocarbons is involved.

Concentration is very heavy at start of cycle.